Vim Tutorial

From LinodeWiki

1 Vim Commands
2 .vimrc configuration file

[edit] Vim Commands

[edit] Movement

HORIZONTAL
->, l	right one character
<-, h	left one character
0	beginning of line
$	end of line
w/W	beginning of next word / bigword
e/E	end of next word / bigword
b/B	beginning of previous word / bigword
( / )	beginning of previous/next sentence
{ / }	beginning of previous/next paragraph

VERTICAL
ARROWUP, k	up one line
ARROWDOWN, j	down one line
PGUP, ^B	up one page
PGDN, ^F	down one page

[edit] Open, Save and Quit

:q	quit
:q!	force quit, throw away changes
:w filename	save as filename
:wq, :x	save and quit

[edit] Basic Edits

This commands modify text but keep you in command mode.

x	delete character under cursor
J	join next line to end of current line
r(char)	replace character under cursor with (char)
dd	delete current line
d(move)	delete from current position to (move)
u	undo
.	repeat last edit command

[edit] Insert Mode

Any of these commands will put you in INSERT MODE.

To return to COMMAND MODE hit ESC
i/a	insert before/after current position
I/A	insert at beginning/end of line
o/O	new line below/above, then insert
cc	replace current line
c(move)	replace to (move)

[edit] Cut and Paste

Press v to enter VISUAL MODE
Move cursor to highlight text
Press d to cut, y to copy
Move to target location
Hit P to paste after cursor, p to paste before cursor

[edit] Search and Replace

/srch	search for srch
n	search for next match
N	search for next match backwards
:s/srch/repl/	replace first match of srch with repl in the current line
:s/srch/repl/g	replace all matchs of srch with repl in the current line
:%s/srch/repl/g	replace all matchs of srch with repl in the whole file
:%s/srch/repl/gc	replace all matchs of srch with repl in the whole file with confirmation prompt

[edit] Windowing

:sp filename	new split-frame window
^w, ^W	goto next window

[edit] Compound Commands

Motion
n->	n characters right
n<-	n characters left
nw	n words right
nb	n words left
n}	n paragraphs left
n)	n sentences right

Deletion
dnw	delete next n words
d}	delete reminder of paragraph
d)	delete reminder of sentence

Change
c)	replace rest of sentence
c$	replace rest of line

[edit] .vimrc configuration file

This is a template for your .vimrc configuration file, edit it as needed.

" ~/.vimrc

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
" General
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

" get out of horrible vi-compatible mode
set nocompatible

" detect the type of file
filetype on

" how many lines of history to remember
set history=1000

" ask what to do about unsaved/read-only files
set confirm

" share clipboard with windows clipboard
set clipboard+=unnamed clipboard

" automatically detected values for fileformat in this order
set fileformats= unix,dos,mac

" load filetype plugins
filetype plugin on

" load indent files for specific filetypes
filetype indent on

" save global variables that consists of upper case letters
set viminfo+=!

" none of these should be word dividers, so make them not be
set iskeyword+=_,$,@,%,#,-

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
" Theme/Colors
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

" we are using a dark background
set background=dark

" syntax highlighting on
syntax on

" Load color scheme from ~/.vim/colors
" http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=985
" # colorscheme metacosm

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
" Files/Backups
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

" make backup file
set backup

" where to put backup file (don't forget to make a backup directory)
set backupdir=./.backup,~/.backup,.,/tmp

" directory is the directory for temp file
set directory=.,~/tmp,/var/tmp,/tmp

" Name of the errorfile for the :make command
set makeef=make.err

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
" Vim UI
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

" number of pixel lines inserted between characters
set linespace=0

" command-line completion operates in an enhanced mode
set wildmenu

" Show the line and column number of the cursor position
set ruler

" Number of screen lines to use for the command-line
set cmdheight=2

" Print the line number in front of each line
set number

" do not redraw while running macros (much faster) (LazyRedraw)
set lazyredraw

" buffer becomes hidden when it is abandoned
set hidden

" make backspace work normal (indent, eol, start)
set backspace=2

" allow backspace and cursor keys to cross line boundaries
set whichwrap+=<,>,h,l

" use mouse everywhere
set mouse=a

" shortens messages to avoid 'press a key' prompt
set shortmess=atI

" tell us when any line is changed via : commands
set report=0

" don't make noise on error messages
set noerrorbells

" make the splitters between windows be blank
set fillchars=vert:\ ,stl:\ ,stlnc:\


"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
" Visual Cues
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

" show matching brackets for a moment
set showmatch

" how many tenths of a second to blink matching brackets for
set matchtime=5

" do not highlight searched phrases
set nohlsearch

" but do highlight as you type you search phrase
set incsearch

" what to show when I hit :set list
set listchars=tab:\|\ ,trail:.,extends:>,precedes:<,eol:$

" 30 lines tall
set lines=30

" 100 cols wide
set columns=100

" Minimal number of screen lines to keep above and below the cursor
set scrolloff=10

" don't blink
set novisualbell

" When nonempty, this option determines the content of the status line
set statusline=%F%m%r%h%w\ [FORMAT=%{&ff}]\ [TYPE=%Y]\ [ASCII=\%03.3b]\ [HEX=\%02.2B]\ [POS=%04l,%04v][%p%%]\ [LEN=%L]

" always show the status line
set laststatus=2

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
" Text Formatting/Layout
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

" how automatic formatting is to be done
set formatoptions=tcrqn

" take indent for new line from previous line
set autoindent

" smart autoindenting for C programs
set smartindent

" do c-style indenting
set cindent

" tab spacing (settings below are just to unify it)
set tabstop=8

" unify
set softtabstop=8

" unify
set shiftwidth=8

" real tabs please!
set noexpandtab

" do not wrap lines
set nowrap

" use tabs at the start of a line, spaces elsewhere
set smarttab

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
" Folding
" Enable folding, but by default make it act like folding is off, because
" folding is annoying in anything but a few rare cases
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

" Turn on folding
set foldenable

" Make folding indent sensitive
set foldmethod=indent

" Don't autofold anything (but I can still fold manually)
set foldlevel=100

" don't open folds when you search into them
set foldopen-=search

" don't open folds when you undo stuff
set foldopen-=undo

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
" File Explorer
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

" should I split vertically
let g:explVertical=1

" width of 35 pixels
let g:explWinSize=35

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
" Win Manager
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

" How wide should it be( pixels)
let g:winManagerWidth=35

" What windows should it
let g:winManagerWindowLayout = 'FileExplorer,TagsExplorer|BufExplorer'

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
" CTags
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

" If you don't have it download it from http://ctags.sourceforge.net/
" To get taglists download it from http://www.geocities.com/yegappan/taglist

" Location of ctags
let Tlist_Ctags_Cmd = '/bin/ctags'

" order by
let Tlist_Sort_Type = "name"

" split to the right side of the screen
let Tlist_Use_Right_Window = 1

" show small meny
let Tlist_Compart_Format = 1

" if you are the last, kill yourself
let Tlist_Exist_OnlyWindow = 1

" Do not close tags for other files
let Tlist_File_Fold_Auto_Close = 0

" Do not show folding tree
let Tlist_Enable_Fold_Column = 0

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
" Perl
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

" highlight advanced perl vars inside strings
let perl_extended_vars=1

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
" Mappings
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

" right arrow (normal mode) switches buffers  (excluding minibuf)
" map <right> <ESC>:MBEbn<RETURN>

" left arrow (normal mode) switches buffers (excluding minibuf)
" map <left> <ESC>:MBEbp<RETURN>

" up arrow (normal mode) brings up a file list
map <up> <ESC>:Sex<RETURN><ESC><C-W><C-W>

" down arrow  (normal mode) brings up the tag list
map <down> <ESC>:Tlist<RETURN>

" alt-i (normal mode) inserts a single char, and then switches back to normal
" map <A-i> i <ESC>r

" map <F2> <ESC>ggVG:call SuperRetab()<left>

" encypt the file (toggle)
" map <F12> ggVGg?

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
" Autocommands
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

" ensure every file does syntax highlighting (full)
" autocmd BufEnter * :syntax sync fromstart

" all my .asp files ARE jscript
" au BufNewFile,BufRead *.asp :set ft=aspjscript

" all my .tpl files ARE html
" au BufNewFile,BufRead *.tpl :set ft=html

" all my .tpl files ARE html
" au BufNewFile,BufRead *.hta :set ft=html

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
" Useful abbrevs
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

" iab xasp <%@language=jscript%><CR><%<CR><TAB><CR><BS>%><ESC><<O<TAB>
" iab xdate <c-r>=strftime("%d/%m/%y %H:%M:%S")<cr>

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
" Stuff I have decided I don't like
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
" ignore case sensitivity on search patterns
" set ignorecase

" show chars on end of line, white spaces, tabs, etc
" set list

" having it auto maximize the screen is annoying
" autocmd GUIEnter * :simalt ~x

" switch to current dir (breaks some scripts)
" autocmd BufEnter * :lcd %:p:h

Retrieved from "http://www.linode.com/wiki/index.php/Vim_Tutorial"

Category: Tutorials

Vim Tutorial

From LinodeWiki

Contents

[edit] Vim Commands

[edit] Movement

[edit] Open, Save and Quit

[edit] Basic Edits

[edit] Insert Mode

[edit] Cut and Paste

[edit] Search and Replace

[edit] Windowing

[edit] Compound Commands

[edit] .vimrc configuration file

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